41-48 cm (16-19") Uncommon. Wooded ponds, lakes, and rivers. Small diving fish-eating duck found only in North America. Nests in tree cavities or nest boxes near wooded ponds, lakes, and rivers; winters near coast mostly on fresh waters.
Male: black head crested with contrasting large white patch running from behind eye to back of head; thin pointed spike-like dark bill; black back; reddish-brown sides; white breast with two black lines before sides.
Female: blackish-brown overall, darker on back; head has bushy reddish-brown crest; thin pointed spike-like bill; upper bill dark, lower bill yellowish.
In flight: rapid wingbeats; gray wing linings; thin bill; folded crest shows as white line on male's head.
Song: froglike croak, toneless "gak".